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BEIHAI YUEDA FRP PRODUCTS
Classification and Performance Analysis of Insulating Materials
Release time:
2019/07/24
Insulating materials are materials that do not conduct electricity under permissible voltage, but they are not absolutely non-conductive. The insulating materials industry in our country has developed over more than 50 years and has initially formed an industrial system with a relatively complete range of products, comprehensive supporting facilities, considerable production scale, and research strength. Especially in the past 20 years, the variety of insulating materials has developed rapidly, and the quality has greatly improved, with product levels reaching a new height. There are many types of insulating materials, which can be divided into three main categories: gas, liquid, and solid. Common gas insulating materials include air, nitrogen, sulfur hexafluoride, and insulating PC films. The main liquid insulating materials include mineral insulating oil and synthetic...
Insulating materials are materials that do not conduct electricity under permissible voltage, but they are not absolutely non-conductive. The insulating materials industry in our country has developed over more than 50 years and has initially formed an industrial system with a relatively complete range of products, comprehensive supporting facilities, considerable production scale, and research strength. Especially in recent years.20Over the years, the variety of insulating materials has developed rapidly, and the quality has greatly improved, reaching a new height in product standards.
There are many types of insulating materials, which can be divided into three categories: gas, liquid, and solid. Common gas insulating materials include air, nitrogen, sulfur hexafluoride, and insulating PC films. Liquid insulating materials mainly include mineral insulating oil and synthetic insulating oil (silicone oil, dodecylbenzene, polyisobutylene, isopropyl biphenyl, diphenyl ethane, etc.). Solid insulating materials can be divided into organic and inorganic categories. Organic solid insulating materials include insulating varnish, insulating glue, insulating paper, insulating fiber products, plastics, rubber, painted cloth, painted tubes, and insulating impregnated fiber products, electrical films, composite products, and adhesive tapes, as well as electrical laminated products. Inorganic solid insulating materials mainly include mica, glass, ceramics, and their products. In comparison, solid insulating materials are diverse and also the most important.
Different electrical equipment has varying requirements for the performance of insulating materials. High-voltage electrical devices such as high-voltage motors and high-voltage cables require insulating materials with high breakdown strength and low dielectric loss. Low-voltage electrical appliances mainly require mechanical strength, elongation at break, heat resistance grade, and other main requirements. The macroscopic properties of insulating materials, such as electrical performance, thermal performance, mechanical performance, chemical resistance, resistance to climate change, and corrosion resistance, are closely related to their chemical composition and molecular structure. Inorganic solid insulating materials are mainly composed of silicon, boron, and various metal oxides, primarily with an ionic structure.,The main characteristics are high heat resistance, with a working temperature generally greater than180℃,, good stability, resistance to atmospheric aging, chemical resistance, and good aging performance under long-term electric field action; however, they are brittle, have low impact strength, high pressure resistance but low tensile strength, and poor processability. Organic materials are generally polymers, such as fiberglass materials, with an average molecular weight between104～106and their heat resistance is usually lower than that of inorganic materials. Materials containing aromatic rings, heterocycles, and elements such as silicon, titanium, and fluorine have higher heat resistance than general linear high molecular materials. The important factors affecting the dielectric performance of insulating materials are the strength of molecular polarity and the content of polar components. The dielectric constant and dielectric loss of polar materials are higher than those of non-polar materials, and they easily adsorb impurity ions, increasing conductivity and reducing their dielectric performance. Therefore, cleanliness should be emphasized during the manufacturing process of insulating materials to prevent contamination. Capacitor dielectric materials require a high dielectric constant to improve their specific characteristics.
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